China's civil legislation has gone through the process of codification from civil law in the era of planned economy→General Principles of Civil Law of the People's Republic of China→general rules of civil law of the People's Republic of China→civil code of the People's Republic of China. Among them, the General Principles of Civil Law of the People's Republic of China, as a law reflecting the law of market economy development, constituted the embryonic form of the civil code. Furthermore, the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made the decision to formulate a civil code. The legislature adopted the method of extracting common factors to extract the general principles and basic framework of civil law and form the general rules of civil law governing individual civil laws. On this basis, the individual civil laws are integrated to form the various divisions of the civil law, and finally a modern civil code with integrated values, unified rules and complete systems is formed.

Feuerbach has gone through four different periods in understanding and provision the meaning of materialism. First period is the orthodox understanding of the meaning of materialism, which from <Critique of the Hegelian Philosophy> to <On the Beginning of Philosophy>. Second period is the emotional provision of the meaning of materialism, which from < Temporary Compendium on Philosophy’s Reconstruction > to < Future Philosophy >. Third period is another orthodox understanding of the meaning of materialism. Last period is another emotional provision of the meaning of materialism.

With the rapid development of general-purpose artificial intelligence model(GPAI), its application in party building has begun to attract widespread attention. Through the analysis of the ideological generation mechanism and theoretical basis of the GPAI, this paper revealed the functional characteristics and essential differences of artificial intelligence in the process of simulating human consciousness and systematically discussed the significance, opportunities and challenges of the GPAI in the party building. It also stated how to effectively use the technology to promote the intelligent, systematic and scientific transformation of the party building work. On the basis of in-depth identification of the main challenges facing the party building work under the ability of the general large model of artificial intelligence, including educational risk, organizational risk, political risk and ideological risk, the comprehensive practical strategy of concept transformation, normative system construction and implementation system construction was proposed to realize the effective integration of party building work and artificial intelligence technology.

This paper takes Chinese listed companies as a sample from 2004 to 2011, investigating the relationship between earnings management and audit effort. Our research found that audit effort negatively correlate with the earnings management. Further research found that auditors tend to inhibit positive earnings management; the bigger audit firms compare to the smaller audit firms, with the increase of the audit effort, the inhibition of earnings management ability stronger. These conclusions show that when supervision check accounting quality, should focus on the audit effort.

For a long in the past, the grassroots self-government in our country has been practiced in the framework of the dialectical interaction between centralization and autonomous units. Along with the development and reform, this theoretical framework is unable to explain and solve the problems of longitudinal decentralization and authority share. The place government theory emerged recently taking the market economy as the guidance, emphasizing the longitudinal decentralization, the multi-central governance structure, the citizen participation, and seeking the government and the social cooperation, can serve as a better framework for the theoretical and practical needs of grassroots self-government.

The folk song change from Sanjingou to Sanbogong has long been well-known since several centuries ago in the Hakka clan populated region of Meizhou. The folk song sounds sweet. It also has attractive and memorable lyrics. Most importantly, the life and emotions of the Hakka clan are shown vividly in the folk song. That is the reason why the folk song is so popular in the Hakka clan. Based on the literature survey about the folk song, the distinct psychology of the Hakka clan embedded in the folk song was analyzed. Finally, several psychological characteristics of the Hakka clan were summarized.

The public safety situation has been more serious for the frequent happenings of accidents. Evaluating the influence caused by accidents and assessing the situations of accidents has great significance for coping with accidents effectively and scientifically. The paper reviews the fields and targets from natural fields and social fields, as well as accidents, objects and subjects. The three dimensions of time, district, and method are raised and directions for further research are provided.

The state of ideology, language and behavior are the three basic levels to improve the quality of college student cadres. It is not only the need to cultivate theri own quality, but is also the objective requirement of High-level university on the student cadres. Thus, we must estabish the learning mechanism which combines the professional learning and quality improving, the practical mechanism which transforms the knowledge into capacity as well as the restraint mechanism which integrates the self-discipline with the heteronomy. All the above-mentioned mechanisms form an important path to enhance the three basic states of the student cadres'.

This essay discusses the correlation of political motivation to translation ethics, trying to bring to light the mechanism of the grip of political motivation over translation ethics. Holding a correct attitude towards the fact that political motivation grips translation ethics and perceiving it as an important parameter in translation evaluation may provide useful way of thought, make translation evaluation appear to be panoramic, and thus enrich translation evaluation system.

The Xin-Xue of Kang Youwei shook the root of the concepts of traditional Chinese literature so that the orthodox literatures based on it meet unprecedented challenges. The Civil-Right idea and evolutionism of Kang Youwei’s Xin-Xue remove the root of tradition concepts that disdains popular novels in ancient China. This clears the way for popular novels to mainstream literature, and founds the basis of “Revolution in the Novel Circles” during the period of the late Qing dynast and modern transformation of Chinese novels.

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, power battery industries rapidly become popular investment spot. In this paper, we analysis the development trend of power Li-ion battery industry simply, suggest the power Li-ion battery industry investment strategy, hope to provide reference for venture capital institutions.

The new villegist ideal is a social trend of thought with comprehensive influence during the May Fourth Period. It introduced into China by Zhou Zuoren et al. At first, the new villegist ideal spread across the members of literary group ,and then have an affect on large amount of students by intellectual and cultural institution of shanghai and Beijing. At that time, the Beijing work-study mutual aid team which once created a great sensation come from the new villegist ideal ,as well as rural construction movement, the people's commune and may 7th directive .

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This paper establishes a two-stage DEA efficiency assessment model of innovation activity which divides the overall process of innovation activity into the patents production stage and the economic benefit transformation stage. Listed companies are used as the samples of emerging strategic industries to measures the TFP changes and the decomposed TFP efficiency values of emerging industries in each province with DEA-Malmquist index, and the characteristics of TFP efficiency values of each stage of innovation activity from both time and provinces perspectives are analyzed. The results show that:TFP of innovation activity in emerging strategic industries generally shows an increasing trend during the sample period.The efficiency of patent production is generally at a low level, and the efficiency of economic benefit transformation is generally at a medium to high level.R&D innovation activity shows increasing return to scale,and economic benefit transformation activity shows constant return to scale.There is a “high-efficiency application and low-efficiency R&D”phenomenon in the innovation activities of emerging strategic industries. Finally, policy suggestions for innovation activities in China's emerging strategic industries are put forward.

The study explored the critical role of enterprise supply chain management in achieving long-term sustainable development. Particularly in the context of intensified international competition and the continuous upgrading of domestic consumption structures, strengthening supply chain management is of great significance for promoting high-quality enterprise development and facilitating economic structural transformation and upgrading. Taking Chinese A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2023 as the research object, it examined the impact of supply chain concentration on corporate sustainable development performance. The findings show that there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between supply chain concentration and corporate sustainable development performance. Further analysis reveals that supply chain efficiency and financing constraints play a mediating role in the relationship between supply chain concentration and corporate sustainability performance. Specifically, supply chain concentration has an inverted U-shaped relationship with supply chain efficiency and a negative relationship with financing constraints. Supply chain efficiency has a positive impact on sustainability performance, while financing constraints have an inverted U-shaped relationship with corporate sustainability performance. In addition, the inverted U-shaped relationship between supply chain concentration and corporate sustainability performance is especially obvious in state-owned enterprises and senior enterprises.

Based on the data of a-share listed manufacturing companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2015 to 2023, this study divided these companies into AI enterprises and non-AI enterprises according to whether they have integrated into the AI industry chain. Using a multi-period PSM-DID model, it explored the impact of AI on the employment scale and employment structure of manufacturing enterprises in China. The research finds that AI significantly expands the overall employment scale of manufacturing enterprises. Through mediation effect testing, it discovered that AI technology mainly increases the overall employment scale by enhancing the intensity of corporate R&D investment. Upon further analysis, the application of AI technology has a significant positive effect on employees with master's degree high school and below educational backgrounds. In contrast, employees with associate degree level education are squeezed out by the substitution effect of AI, leading to a "polarization" phenomenon. Moreover, the impact of AI technology on the employment scale of manufacturing enterprise staff varies across different departments, sub-industries, and three major regions. On this basis, it proposed that governments and enterprises should promote sustainable and high-quality development in manufacturing through policy guidance, technological innovation, and education and training, ensuring a smooth transition and prosperity in the job market during industrial transformation.

The exploration, formation and perfection of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the main line of reform and opening up to open the Chinese modernization and create a new form of human civilization. Reform and opening up has realized the historical transformation of Chinese modernization, and China's goal has shifted from “focusing on industrialization” to “establishing a well-off society”, the focus has shifted from “taking class struggle as the key link” to “taking economic construction as the center”, the road to choose has shifted from “drawing lessons from the Soviet Union” to “takng our own road”, thus forming the modernization with Chinese characteristics. In the reform and opening up, the Chinese modernization has surpassed the Western modernization. In terms of value orientation, the “people-centered” has surpassed the “capital-centered”. In terms of development mode, “peaceful development” has surpassed “expansion and plunder”.In terms of contribution to the world, “seeking progress for mankind” has surpassed “zero-sum game”. The Chinese-style modernization pioneered in the process of reform and opening up has led the world's socialist modernization, created “the governance of China”, and demonstrated the remarkable advantages of the socialist system. Creating the “Chinese miracle” has boosted the confidence in the development of socialism in the world. The contribution of the “China Plan” has pushed mankind forward towards the bright goal. It is through the independent construction of modernization that Chinese modernization opens up a new road of human modernization.

The innovation of computer technology has promoted the development of artificial intelligence. As a phased achievement of artificial intelligence, autonomous vehicle on the one hand reflects the current iteration and upgrading of big data algorithms, and on the other hand, it also brings new social risk prevention and control problems. The dispute over the subject status of vehicle crime, the imputation blank of traditional negligent crime theory, and the “algorithm black box” of intelligent driving system all challenge the identification of responsibility for traffic accidents caused by autonomous vehicles. As a theoretical response, “robot criminal law” has imagination and romanticism, but it cannot solve the problem of criminal responsibility in the era of weak artificial intelligence. Under the imputed mode, the new and old fault theory cannot get rid of the logical limitation of the possibility of result prediction, and it is unable to solve the “algorithm black box” of intelligent system. The objective attribution theory and intelligent causality properly make up for the shortcomings of the aforementioned attribution and are more suitable for the risk management of the future intelligent society. Finally, with regard to the responsibility of related subjects of autonomous vehicles, taking both prevention and control risks and technological innovation as the starting point, the users, producers and sellers of autonomous vehicles are assigned responsibilities and identified as charges according to different roles and duty of care.

The development of substance civilization in human society has gone through and passed various stages. How to divide them into respective ages is a very important and interesting subject. We have proposed a standard with the typical materials for such dividing. According to the standard, the stages of substance civilization of human society have gone through the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, the Steel/Cement Age, and the Silicon Age. At the beginning of the new century, the substance civilization in human society has entered into the Nanomaterials Age, which indicated that a complete new substance civilization of human society has started. This is the so called six age theory. The contents of the six ages, the time for dividing respective ages, and why this kind of division of ages should be done, are analyzed and discussed using a large number of facts and plenty of reasons from various aspects in the paper. In such a way, a clear vision for the development of substance civilization in human society would be coming out. Therefore, the authors show their opinions obviously about this subject, and their goal is to cause discussing this subject broadly and deeply, so as to get a rather unite understanding about it.

Study on one event which some civilian policemen of a border police station on the sino-burma frontier discovered and seized unexplained property RMB 200.000 Yuan on the roadside of patrolling. Now the paper analyzed this special event on jurisprudence, proposed four types of treatment, made the best treatment within the system of the existing Chinese legislation.

Taylor’s scientific management is a great synthesize in management thoughts, it is a great leap not only in productivity improvement but also in the protection of the dignity of labor. This paper will analyze the essence of scientific management--ideological revolution, refine humanitarian ideals in ideological revolution, and indicate that ideological revolution is helpful to realize the high efficiency of the scientific management. But limited to the natural defects in ideological revolution—“Platon complex”, ideological revolution can not truly implement in reality.

Houbaolin’s faction is the mirror that refracts the development of the Chinese cross talk (called CCT for short). The development and decline of Houbaolin’s faction is attributed to three reasons: In the first place, Houbaolin’s faction developed to aristocracy. This tendency had gained sustainment of the scholarly and upper marketplace, but it also resulted in CCT confusion; then Houbaolin’s faction is discarded by townspeople. Secondly, Houbaolin’s faction is greatly influenced by politics. Politics dogged its creation and option. Lastly, the new medium, which includes radio and TV stations, decided the development of the Houbaolin’s faction. It propelled Houbaolin’s faction to sweep the country and upset the CCT’s creation. As a result, Houbaolin’s faction is no longer CCT but comedy on TV.

Current research on the formation and evolution of dynamic capabilities pay great attention to the direct factors that affect the formation of dynamic capabilities, but there is little research on enterprises strategic responses and the formation and evolvement of dynamic capabilities under the influence of environmental turbulence. Based on the Resource-Based Theory and the Evolution Theory, this article analyzes relevant literature comprehensively, and establishes a theoretical model of environmental turbulence, enterprises strategic responses and the formation and evolvement of dynamic capabilities, and then draws some relevant propositions. The conclusion of this article provides new insights on the development of dynamic capabilities theory and the practice of enterprises management.

In order to resolve the problems of the ownership of parking space of the community,the integrated moodel of ownership including common ownership and exclusive ownership should be taken.Parking space of the community built according to the legal proportion is the essential facility of the community.To satisfy the owner's need for parking,the law should mandatorily provide that the parking space shall be commonly owned by the owners.Additional parking space has independent structure;it can be used independently and registered under the name of a specific owner,so parking space shall be determined as an exclusive part.The integrated model can balance the interest batter between the developer and the owners;what's more,it can also resolve the dispute over the ownership of parking space,which has a positive significance for the creation of a harmonious and stable community.

The high speed rail in China is the miracle of the reform and opening up. The successful implementation of the high speed rail brings lots of thoughts and revelations to people, of the most important is that it has grasped a magic weapon, emancipating the mind. It is liberated from the thinking set of the traditional way of thinking concept of talent, leadership idea, and the functional understanding for highspeed railway and so on. It also sets the world perspective, develops creative talents, improves strategic leadership, and leads to changes in strategy and tactics. It not only provides a guidance for the scientific development for rejuvenation, but also for promoting social, economic and military aspects of scientific development.

This paper analyzes the margin purchasing and short selling transactions status of Chinese stock market. Using Shanghai stock market data, we examine the impact of margin purchasing and short selling on liquidity and volatility of stock market with VAR model analysis method. This study indicates that margin purchasing and short-selling both Granger cause the market liquidity and volatility. Margin purchasing has reduced stock market liquidity but increased the volatility. Short selling has reduced both stock market liquidity and volatility. The impact of margin purchasing is much greater than short selling.

Deng Xiaoping developed the theory of the socialist market economy through actively exploring socialist practices with Chinese characteristics. In terms of ontology, starting from the essence of socialism and China's specific national condition, Deng Xiaoping clarified the basic connotation and development direction of the socialist market economy; in terms of epistemology, Deng Xiaoping insisted on understanding the inherent stipulations of the socialist market economy from the great practice of reform and opening up; in terms of methodology, Deng Xiaoping insisted on the scientific method of thinking and the integration of all the work of advancing the development of the socialist market economy. A comprehensive analysis of Deng Xiaoping's theory of the socialist market economy from a philosophical perspective can better help us understand and grasp the theoretical foundation and practical path of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the market economy, providing valuable insights for China's economic development.

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) creates the exclusive economic zone, which is a special sea area different from the territorial sea or the high seas. It shows that the diversification and expansion of maritime rights and interests have become the reality of the international law of the sea. Due to the unclear definition of the legal status and nature of the exclusive economic zone in the Convention, coastal states and navigation states have been diverging on the division of rights and obligations and the legal interpretation of the exclusive economic zone. Freedom of the seas is a pillar principle of the international law of the sea. The international maritime order established by the Convention should recognize that the value of freedom of navigation should be prioritized over maritime rights and interests. However, this does not mean that navigation states can completely disregard the interests and claims of coastal states, which claim sovereignty over exclusive economic zones. This claim and the claim of navigation countries for freedom of navigation in the exclusive economic zone like the high seas tend to be one-sided. Neither party shall extend its interpretation of the right to an exclusive economic zone beyond the enumerated provisions of the Convention. The evolution of modern international law of the sea theory, and more national practices, will push for more clarity on the issue of exclusive economic zones.

This paper focuses on the Inheritance of Folk culture and base on the fieldwork which was done by the college Students. We draw conclusions by the survey, photos,videos,reports and so on. The paper analyzes the ideas about Folk culture changes and morden inheritance of college students, think about the good ways to contact educacion and the inheritance of Folk culture.

Realizing laborer’s decent working is the inevitable requirement to change the economic development mode and carry out the people-oriented scientific development. Extensive and full employment is the premise of decent working. On the basis of full employment and giving full play to labor rights, it needs a series of security mechanism to realize decent working. That is fair and reasonable national income distribution mechanism, broad covering and multi-level social security mechanism and perfecting laborer rights protection mechanism.

Intrapreneurship refers to a series of entrepreneurial activities which are permitted, empowered and given ample resources by an organization so as to enhance corporate core competence. For the first 100 of the top 500 global corporations, nearly 65% of them use intrapreneurship to ensure their innovation and sustainability. However, it is virtually a pretty new concept rarely practiced in China. Huawei Corporation is the first corporation using intrapreneurial strategy and its success in the practice has provided precious value for most private companies in the transitional period for their core competency maintenance. This research is intended to abstract some logical and successful mechanism from Huawei‘s case for many others to follow.

In the implementation of China’s new health care reform policies,the government has been increasinglyinvesting in medial infrastructure.Therefore.the medical device industry will witness a great development in the fu-ture.The policy orientation plays a key role in promoting local medical device industry.Adding~komestie productsthat could replace foreign equivalents into the catalog of medical insurance will bring more chances for local enter‘prises.Medical device industry consists of 12 categories with thousands of products,most of which are complexes ofmedical ,machinery,chemistry and other disciplines.These products with high scientific knowledge and technologyconstantly need long transformation cycles and high capital investments,not to mention their high risks per se.It isvery important to conduct detailed research on the subdivision industries.This research describes the impact ofmedical policies on medical device industry development,while in the mean time,we will thoroughly examine everysubdivision of medical device industry to seek investment chances for capital.

Civil and commercial judgment of Mainland was refused while being applied for recognition and enforcement in Hong Kong Court owing to it’s not having final element. There is no legal culture ground for final judgment system aiming to safeguard legal authority in Mainland. Hong Kong Court shall respect the legal culture of Mainland and survey the final judgment from the standpoint of Mainland’s legal system so as to respect mutually and harmonize the judicial authority between the two legal territories of Hong Kong and Mainland.

The digital economy is an important driving force to promote high-quality economic development and achieve common prosperity. The digital economy enabling common prosperity has profound theoretical logic, historical logic and practical logic, and it is driven by two wheels of digital industrialization and industrial digitization to empower and increase the effectiveness of realizing common prosperity, but also faces realistic challenges, such as the unbalanced and insufficient development of digital economy, the first signs of class solidification and digital divide, the social security in digital economy needs to be improved, and the good network civilization ecology needs to be built. In the new development stage, we should adhere to the new development concept, adhere to the fundamental position of people first, improve the institutional mechanism of digital economy empowerment, strengthen the policy leadership of digital economy empowerment, strengthen the construction of network civilization in the new era, broaden the practice of digital economy empowerment for common prosperity, and solidly promote the common prosperity of all people.

This paper,through consulting the listed company’S financial statements,gives a research on the invest-ment behavior of Guangdong state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises in the industry transformation andupgrade period,including three aspects:investment level,investment direction and investment efi ciency.The empificalresult shows that on the investment level,the non-state-owned enterprises have made improvement in2009,but the state-owned enterprise is declined;about the investment direction,there is better news in responseto policy stimulus for the state-owned enterprises,which have invested the government advocated projects;as toinvestment eficiency,the state-owned and non-state-owned enterp rises are both undercapitalized,and in theperiod of industry transformation and upgrade,the undercapitalized enterprises are up,and the overcapitalize enterprisesare fallen.

The new continental silk road and new maritime silk road economic belts are two pillars of the nationaldevelopment strategy of China in 21st century,which represent the west advancement strategy and maritime tradedevelopment strategy respectively.While the new continental silk road strategy has been realized rapidly,the devel-opment of the new maritime silk road strategy has been hindered dramatically by factors like the tense situation ineast and south China Sea,the Asia-Pacific rebalancing strategy of America,the China Threat Theory coined by Ja-pan,Philippine and Vietnam.Under this circumstance,this paper systematically reviews the development historyand related literature of maritime silk road first.Then,the value and significance,strategic meaning,realizationrouting and policies of new maritime silk road strategy are addressed.Research results can be used as references tocorresponding policy-makings.

Zhu Yun-ming, one of the“Four sons of Wuzhong（Suzhou）”during the Hongzhi and Zhengde period（1488-1521）in the Ming Dynasty, was selected as the magistrate of Xingning country Guangdong province at Zhengde ninth year(1514) of Ming Dynasty, and then became the Tongpan of Yingtian（Nanjing）after been in Lingnan for 5 years. During his official travel in Guangdong, Zhu worked hard and went around in spare time to make a sightseeing tour, left a lot of poetry and prose describing Lingnan’s places of historical interest, custom and phenology. The book Country Annals of Xingning compiled by Zhu, was the oldest exist country annals of Xingning even Hakka area. Having been a magistrate of Xingning in Guangdong for more than 5 years, his conflict of the concepts of being an official or retiring from work reached its peak，while his works showed his sprit experience. Zhu’s works, concluding his poetry, prose, and the Country Annals of Xingning, as precious historical summary of phenology, custom, and the changes of Hakka area in the Ming Dynasty, were very important to help research Hakka even Lingnan’s culture.

Cultural confidence is more basic,broader,and deeper confidence. It is based on the excellent Chinese traditional culture and represents the unique spiritual identity of the Chinese nation. As a part of Chinese excellent traditional culture,Chinese ancient poetry art songs are a special song carrier in music culture. Its rich culture,unique artistic charm and artistic value contain rich resources for cultivating cultural confidence. Colleges and universities are the main positions for the cultivation of college students,and cultivating college students' cultural confidence is an urgent need to build a socialist country with advanced culture and an inevitable requirement for the all-round development of college students. Therefore,using Chinese ancient poetry art songs as the carrier,we will combine aesthetic education with cultural education to explore the significance of its inheritance in colleges and universities,and carry out professional research and popularization as measures,make suggestions from text content,teaching team,teaching object,teaching material system and other aspects to improve the cultural accomplishment and artistic realm of college students,cultivate the enthusiasm of cultural cognition of college students,and enhance the cultural identity of college students,so as to make cultural confidence education more vivid

This article introduces government behavioral factors in the framework of the New Economic Geography. In consideration of the spatial distance, this paper carries on the empirical analysis by using 2006-2012 panel data of 21 prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province, to explore the influence on the financial agglomeration of factors of new economic and government actions. The results show that market size and consumer demand have significant financial agglomeration role in promoting research, and government R&D spending has a reverse effect overflow; opening level, fiscal capacity and the level of social security have promotion, and the degree of government intervention has reverse effect. This article provides a new perspective to explain industrial agglomeration, and empirical support to promote financial sector development policy in Guangdong Province.

In cases of joint crimes involving illegal fundraising, the determination of restitution responsibilities for each offender becomes a significant challenge in judicial practice due to the large number of offenders and the complexity of their roles. In the context of joint crimes involving illegal fundraising, there are three perspectives on the division of restitution responsibilities in China: joint restitution, individual restitution, and a mixed approach. As a measure for disposing of illegal gains, an order to make restitution has the nature of returning unjust enrichment. The division of restitution responsibilities in joint crimes involving illegal fundraising should align with the inherent attributes of the restitution order system while also balancing litigation efficiency and the full realization of the system's objectives. In dealing with the application of substitute asset forfeiture in joint criminal cases, the United States has gradually evolved a "dominance and control standard". Using this standard to determine restitution responsibilities in joint crime cases remains consistent with the inherent attributes of the restitution order system and offers a degree of flexibility. China can take the "dominance and control standard" as a reference, maintaining the principle of individual restitution while taking the actual control exercised by co-offenders over the illegal gains as the basis. Specific considerations can then be made for the determination of restitution responsibilities in different case scenarios.